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Fracking, short for Hydraulic Fracturing, is a method used to extract oil and natural gas from deep underground.

The process involves drilling a well into rock formations, typically shale, and injecting a high-pressure mixture of water, sand, and chemicals into the rock. This creates small fractures, allowing trapped oil or gas to more easily flow to the surface. It has significantly increased oil and gas production, contributing to lower energy prices and energy independence.